Instruction

Part One: Family Tree 

In this activity, students learn about their own family history to gain an understanding of the difficulties immigrants endured when leaving their homeland.  They will interview members of their family, preferably older relatives, using the questions provided in this packet, or making up their own questions ahead of time.  They can take notes during the interviews, tape record, video record, or conduct a telephone interview; whichever makes sense to them.  They will need some instruction on interview etiquette (i.e., informing the interviewee that they will be recorded, thanking the interviewee, avoiding questions that are too personal, etc.).  Inform the students that learning about their family history can give them a better idea of who they are, and it can give them an appreciation for their family?s struggles and achievements.  Let students know that they will be conducting interviews in preparation for the creation of a family tree.

Before handing out the interview questions and discussing the activity in depth, introduce  students to the history of Ellis Island and the hardships faced by immigrants.  Ask students to imagine how they would feel if they left home to start their lives over in a country they had never visited.  Get them thinking about the importance of ancestry and home.  Pass out the interview worksheets and review them with the students.  Discuss interview etiquette and ask if the students would like to add any new questions to the list.  Ask students to determine which technique they will use for their interview, and ask them to make a list of 5 people they might interview for this activity.  You may want to allow a few days for students to complete their interviews.

After students complete their interviews, tell them that they will be using the interview responses to create their own family tree. Ask students to draw a tree with the same number of branches and roots as the number of people they interviewed plus the number of people about which the interviewees told them. They will need to select the most essential information to include in the limited space of the family tree drawing.  Display the finished drawings and have each student discuss their tree creations based on how the tree functions as an artwork, as well as what it says about their family and themselves.

Part Two: Traveling Steerage

In this activity, students find out about the traveling conditions for immigrants and the small number of items they were allowed to bring to America.  They will be asked to develop a list of 30 items they would take with them.  Explain to students that immigrants would travel steerage from Europe to America.  This means that the lower sections of the ship would be their home for at least 10 days.  Most ships carried anywhere from a few hundred to over 2,000 steerage passengers.  Most immigrants would not see sunlight for the entire trip, food might be scarce, and there would be a good possibility that they would become ill along the way.

Before students determine their 30 items, question them about the possibilities: Would they bring photographs of their family or homeland?  Would they bring a small painting to look at?  Would they bring some paper and pencils so they could draw or write letters to keep themselves occupied?  Would they bring any food items?  Would they bring clothing?  Would they bring a book?  Would they bring a toy to play with?  Inform students that they will need to declare these items when they enter the mock immigration station in the next exercise.  They will need to explain to immigration officials why they chose the items they brought with them.  In preparation for this, ask the students to compare their packing lists with each other and discuss their reasons for including certain items.

Part Three: Entering Ellis Island

In this activity, students will create a mock immigration station in the classroom to experience the process of entering America.  Before rearranging the classroom, they will need to create passports.  Explain to students the purpose of the passport and what information needs to be included along with their self-portraits.  It may be helpful to provide a visual example of a real passport, either with a photocopy or an actual passport.  Ask students to consider what they discovered about their family tree and imagine they were one of their ancestors traveling from another country.  They may even take on the name of one of their ancestors.  Based on what they know about their relatives, ask them to decide if their ancestors had traveled extensively or worked on farms in their homeland or something else.  If they traveled extensively, they may have stamps from other countries on their passport.  Ask students to create small self-portraits to paste onto the passport booklet, attach 2-3 additional pages for stamps, and then fold all of the pages in the center like a book.  They may then staple the book in the center to keep it together.

Once students have created their passports, begin a discussion about what the immigration station might be like.  They may need to make small signs to put on desks that indicate which part of the process the desk represents.  They may want to create a passport validation center, a baggage claim center, a waiting area, and an interrogation center.  At the interrogation center, students will fill out the questionnaires included in this packet.  If they have decided to take on the role of one of their ancestors, they will need to fill out the worksheet accordingly.  Remind them that some questions were intentionally asked to test the immigrant.  Any wrong response could result in exclusion. Before students enter the station, make sure they have their baggage list and passport with them.

After all of the students have gone through the station, ask them to fill out Worksheet 5 and engage them in a discussion about the process they went through.

Extensions/Interdisciplinary Connections

Art History: When students make out their list of items to take to America, ask them to include one artwork from art history.  Ask students to explain why they chose that artwork.  

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